Effect of four levels of shade on survival, morphology and chlorophyll fluorescence of Nothofagus alessandrii container-grown seedlings
Rómulo Santelices , Sergio Espinoza, Antonio María Cabrera
iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, Volume 8, Issue 5, Pages 638-641 (2015)
doi: https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1321-007
Published: Jan 08, 2015 - Copyright © 2015 SISEF
Short Communications
Abstract
Nothofagus alessandrii (ruil) is a threatened, endemic tree of the Mediterranean zone of Chile. As a result of past anthropogenic activities, its current cover has been reduced to only 314 hectares across several fragmented and degraded areas. Although activities to conserve and recover such forests have been developed, little is known about their propagation and nursery cultivation, since the plant’s quality is one of the most important factors for restoration and reforestation plans, re-vegetation, or forest enrichment. The success of restoration programs in these areas will require improvements in plant production, being important to test the shade effects on seedling survival and growth. This paper reports the results of testing for survival, morphological and chlorophyll fluorescence differences in N. alessandrii seedlings grown for approximately 32 weeks in unshaded conditions and under three different levels of shading (18%, 50%, and 80% shade). Morphological traits (stem height, root collar diameter, specific leaf area, shoot and root biomass, and quality indexes) and survival were measured. Chlorophyll fluorescence was also measured to analyze the shade tolerance of the species. Analysis showed significant differences for most traits as a consequence of the shade level. Seedlings exposed to 18% shade showed the highest total dry biomass, while those exposed to 80% shade showed the highest survival rate (92%). Chlorophyll fluorescence was high in the unshaded conditions and medium in the 18-50% shade. Morphological and chlorophyll fluorescence responses differed greatly among shade levels and corresponded with the degree of shade tolerance of the species.
Keywords
Authors’ Info
Authors’ address
Sergio Espinoza
Antonio María Cabrera
Universidad Católica del Maule, Centro de Desarrollo del Secano Interior, Avenida San Miguel 3605, Talca (Chile)
Corresponding author
Paper Info
Citation
Santelices R, Espinoza S, Cabrera AM (2015). Effect of four levels of shade on survival, morphology and chlorophyll fluorescence of Nothofagus alessandrii container-grown seedlings. iForest 8: 638-641. - doi: 10.3832/ifor1321-007
Academic Editor
Gianfranco Minotta
Paper history
Received: Apr 23, 2014
Accepted: Oct 06, 2014
First online: Jan 08, 2015
Publication Date: Oct 01, 2015
Publication Time: 3.13 months
Copyright Information
© SISEF - The Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology 2015
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Web Metrics
Breakdown by View Type
Article Usage
Total Article Views: 24469
(from publication date up to now)
Breakdown by View Type
HTML Page Views: 19285
Abstract Page Views: 1098
PDF Downloads: 3153
Citation/Reference Downloads: 16
XML Downloads: 917
Web Metrics
Days since publication: 3559
Overall contacts: 24469
Avg. contacts per week: 48.13
Citation Metrics
Article Citations
Article citations are based on data periodically collected from the Clarivate Web of Science web site
(last update: Nov 2020)
Total number of cites (since 2015): 4
Average cites per year: 0.67
Publication Metrics
by Dimensions ©
Articles citing this article
List of the papers citing this article based on CrossRef Cited-by.
References
International rules for seed testing (2006 edn). International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
Gscholar
Nursery planning, development, and management. Vol. 1. The container tree nursery manual. Agricultural Handbook 674, USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 188.
Gscholar
Morfología y establecimiento de los plantones [Seedling morpholgy and establishment]. In: “Calidad de planta forestal para la restauración en ambientes mediterráneos, estado actual de conocimientos” (Cortina J, Peñuelas JL, Puértolas J, Savé R, Vilagrosa A eds). Ministerio del Medioambiente, Dirección general para la biodiversidad, Madrid, Spain, pp. 67-88. [in Spanish]
Gscholar
Cultivo en vivero del hualo (Nothofagus glauca (Phil.) Krasser) bajo diferentes gradientes de luminosidad y espaciamiento [Nursery cultivation of Hualo (Nothofagus glauca (Phil.) Krasser) under different levels of light and stocking]. Ciencia Forestal 10 (1-2): 3-13. [in Spanish]
Online | Gscholar
Efecto de la cobertura y de la fertilización en el desarrollo de plantas de Nothofagus alessandrii cultivadas en contenedor [Effect of cover and fertilization on the early development of Nothofagus alessandrii nursery container seedlings]. Bosque 32: 85-88. [in Spanish]
CrossRef | Gscholar
Categorías y criterios de la lista roja de la Unión Internacional para la conservación de la naturaleza y los recursos naturales (UICN) [IUCN red list categories and criteria for conservation of nature and natural resources]. Versión 3.1, Comisión de supervivencia de especies. Gand, Suiza y Cambridge, UK, pp. 33. [in Spanish]
Gscholar